HOW TO PRODUCE THE BYPASS PROTEIN USING EXTRUDER
The ruminant animal has the unique advantage of microbial digestion in the rumen.
This relationship between host animal and microbial population presents some unique advantages and disadvantages to the animal in terms of using dietary nutrients.
The greatest advantage, obviously, is the utilization of dietary fiber.
The microbes digest these feedstuffs and derive energy for their growth and maintenance while producing volatile fatty acids for the energy needs of the host animal.
Other important products of this microbial digestion are the microbes themselves.
They supply the major portion of the animal's protein needs as microbial protein. However, it is inefficient to feed an animal natural protein.
The microbes also have the ability to utilize compounds such as urea to provide nitrogen for the synthesis of microbial protein, when dietary protein is less digestible to them.
The term Un-degradable Dietary Protein or bypass protein also known as a 'protected' is the type of protein that is not degraded in the rumen and without any significant changes enters the intestine.
The share of Undegraded Dietary Protein in the rumen in relation to total protein (UDP-share) varies substantially in raw materials.
UDP which enters the lower tract is absorbed mostly as amino acids following enzymatic digestion.
The bypass protein:
- increases the milk productivity of cows by 6...7.5% (e.g."protected" soybean protein)
- reduces the consumption of mixed fodder by 6...11% in terms of 1 liter of milk
- increases in the amount of digestible protein in the intestine - nXP
Degradable in rumen ‘Rumen Degradable Protein’ (RDP)
Of the RDP fraction, substantial part is utilized as the N source for rumen microbes, for protein synthesis, while the rest is absorbed as ammonia.
The example of UDP sources that are not suitable for production of the bypass protein but are important as a source of ammonia:
- sunflower oil cake or solvent cake
- silage of grass
- pea
What raw materials are suitable to produce the bypass protein:
- soybean oil cake
- rapeseed oil cake
- lupine
- dry corn feed
- dry grain distillers
The index of the protected protein in the following products:
- extruded soybean - 40...45%
- extruded rapeseed meal - 22...30%
- sunflower oil cake or solvent cake - 12...16%
What are the benefits of extruder for processing protein components?
1) increases the level of bypass protein in the rumen by 10 ... 12%
2) performs thermal and mechanical treatment at a reduced temperature and pressure
3) quickly change the processing time and temperature
In order to decrease the urease level while processing the soybeans dry extrusion is used where the final product is full fat soy.
At the same time the thermal processing increases the percentage of soy un-degradable dietary protein by 10…12%
The oil is squeezed out from the full fat soy and the content of raw protein is increased (the sum of the protein Rumen Degradable Protein and Undegraded Dietary Protein) reduces the fat content in soybean oil cake.
If there is a need for extruding soybean oil cake, the extruders with preconditioning are used - this treatment will also increase the protection of the protein by several percent.
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